The primary language spoken in Ulaanbaatar is Mongolian. Mongolian is the national and official language, used in government, public institutions and schools. English has become increasingly prominent, especially since recent laws have promoted it as a secondary language in education and government contexts. Russian is also spoken, a legacy of Mongolia’s historical ties with the former Soviet Union, and remains in use among older generations and certain communities. Additionally, minority languages such as Buriat and Kazakh are spoken by respective ethnic groups.
The official currency in Mongolia is the tugrik, abbreviated as MNT. As of late 2025, the exchange rate is about 1 USD to 3,570 MNT.
A standard bottle of water (1 liter) in Ulaanbaatar typically costs around $0.51 USD, which is approximately 1,800 MNT at the current exchange rate.
