After allowing the sludge from this stage to settle, the second biological purification stage implements nitrifying bacteria to turn ammonia (another nitrogen-based nutrient) to nitrate. This water is recycled back to the first biological stage to remove the nitrate produced from ammonia. Sludge that is settled and separated from the treated water is incinerated, which generates electricity in the process. The final step in treatment uses activated carbon to eliminate micro-pollutants, which include drug residues, hormones and other substances. This stage was recently completed in 2022 and uses new and innovative technologies. For the students and me, it was very interesting to see the entire wastewater treatment process from start to finish.
During my time as a water technology researcher at E.B.I., I have grown to value the diverse opportunities for engaging in water treatment research in Baden-Württemberg. This support stems from the government's commitment to nurturing innovations aimed at advancing the sustainability of waste and resource management practices. As an American, I am thankful for the chance to participate in these initiatives through my affiliation with the Fulbright program.
