Argentina is the 8th largest country in the world! Because of that, it is divided into regions and then again into provinces. This structure is similar to what we find in the U.S. where we have regions like the West, Midwest, Northeast, etc., and instead of provinces, we have states. However, the political and cultural divides are mostly seen in a division between the north and south of Argentina because the north is a much older part of the country and the south is newer and more sparsely populated.
Speaking of population, something I found most interesting to learn is that the population is extremely centralized in the capital city of Buenos Aires. About 30% of the entire population of Argentina lives in the greater Buenos Aires area!
The government of Argentina is a federal government. There is a president and vice president, elected by the people of Argentina. The president is in charge of the executive branch. One of his duties is to appoint the ministers for the country. For example, there are ministers of culture, tourism, health, education, treasury, security, finance, foreign relations, etc. As a Fulbright Scholar, I actually work through the Ministerio de Educacion (Ministry of Education), and I was able to go to the ministry for part of my in-country orientation.