In Vietnam cars are incredibly expensive, making them unaffordable luxuries for most of the population. Additionally, many of the roads are too small to allow cars or buses to pass. Historically, many people used bikes to navigate the densely packed city, but as technology advanced, people increasingly used motorbikes to get around. As the city's population has grown, the streets have become increasingly congested. Most people wear masks while on motorbikes to avoid breathing in exhaust fumes.
Despite the drawbacks, motorbikes have notable cultural significance in Vietnam. For many in Vietnam, motorbikes have come to provide a sense of freedom and independence. One man interviewed said explicitly, "My motorbike is my freedom." So, working to develop public transportation in Vietnam is not as simple as adding bus lanes or even building a metro. Motorbikes are a central part of life, and thus developing public transportation is uniquely challenging in this context.
To reduce congestion, increase connections to distant suburbs, and decrease overall reliance on motorbikes, the Ho Chi Minh City Department of Transportation is attempting to construct and open a metro system. Today, they have constructed one train line, but it is not yet open to the public. Once completed, this system will have eight metro lines and connect much of the city without the need for motorbikes or cars. This ambitious goal has been repeatedly delayed as the first line was initially meant to open in 2018, but is yet to be completed. Many people remain skeptical that even with a metro, people will prefer the convenience of their motorbike.
