The ocean waters surrounding the city helps the residents ship out and receive different items from around the world. Many residents also go fishing in the water, so it helps to provide them with a source of food.
I think the most challenging part of living in this environment is learning how to deal with how little daylight the city sees in the winter and how little darkness the city sees in the summer. It could be depressing or sad for residents when they first experience the days that are almost completely dark. However, over time they learn how to accept the conditions. It can also get very cold in the winter. The combination of the darkness and cold in the winter can make it difficult for some people to live in Oslo.
To adapt to the environment, people often have dark blinds in their home to cover their windows in the summer when the sun does not set. Without these window covers, it would be very difficult to sleep if a lot of sunlight was coming in through the window. To deal with the darkness and cold conditions, the city has very good lighting and transportation. The public buses can help people get around when it is very cold and dark outside.