Velella are pelagic organisms, meaning they live in the open sea rather than close to the shore or the sea floor. They are found in various oceanic regions worldwide, typically inhabiting warm waters, particularly in the subtropical and tropical zones. While velella primarily inhabit in the open sea, they can be washed ashore during certain weather conditions. As a result, they may be found on beaches or coastlines, where they may become stranded in large numbers. However, their natural habitat remains the pelagic zone, where they drift and feed on plankton and other small organisms.
Velella, or "by-the -wind sailors," use several strategies to survive their marine environment. They use their rigid, triangular sail to catch the wind, allowing them to move across the ocean's surface. This sail may be angled either to the left or right, causing them to drift in diferent directions depending on the prevailing winds. This helps them spread out and avoid overcrowding in one area. They also use floats to help survive. Their oval, translucent float, filled with gas, keeps them buoyant on the water's surface. This adaptation ensures that the velella remain in the sunlight zone, where they can access both light and prey. The tentacles with nematocysts help them capture plankton and other small organisms and is their main source on capturing food. Another survival tactic they use is making symbotic relationships with other species, such as fish and invertebrates, to provide them with some level of protection and mobility. Birds and larger animals may also interact with velella, though more typically as predators.
