My commute to work every day is 50 minutes each way to and from school. The park that I went to with the famous monuments was in Torrejon, which is an hour outside of Madrid.
I've been to a few towns located about an hour outside of Madrid such as Aranjuez, Segovia, Salamanca and El Escorial. I've been to some cities a few hours from Madrid like Barcelona, Granada and Asturias. I just visited some friends in Budapest, Hungary and I'm going to go to Porto, Portugal soon.
I mostly use the metro everyday and sometimes the busses or trains.
Not this week, but visiting Budapest a few weeks ago was so beautiful! I loved seeing the Parliament, the main cathedral, the royal palace and the bridges just to name a few amazing sights.
One of my favorite things about Madrid is that just about everywhere is easy to walk to; and if it's a little too far for me to walk, there are 10 metro lines as well as countless busses and trains throughout the city, one or other of which can also get me to my destination. Transportation is so easily accessible in Spain, which is so convenient for travelers like me!